https://www.michigan.gov/documents/mpsc/geo_best_practises_327048_7.pdf
"Improper grouting (sealing) or failure to grout the void space between VCL piping and the borehole can cause
aquifer contamination, commingling of water from different aquifers, or loss of natural artesian pressure."
Grouting of Vertical Closed-Loops
The following provisions are recommended for grouting (sealing) of the void space between the piping and borehole of a VCL:
1. Grouting is to be completed in a manner that prevents the introduction of surface or near surface contaminants into an aquifer, the interchange of water from different aquifers, or the loss of natural artesian pressure from an aquifer.
2. The void space between the VCL piping and the borehole should be grouted in a continuous operation from bottom to top using grout placement procedures set forth in the Groundwater Quality Control Rules, R 325.1601 of the MAC or the IGSHPA Grouting for Vertical Heat Pump Systems, Engineering Design and Field Manual, 2000.
3. A tremie pipe (grout pipe) not less than 1.25 inches nominal diameter should be placed to the bottom of the borehole before grouting. The tremie pipe may be used to push the closed-loop piping into the borehole and should be retracted as grouting proceeds. The tremie pipe should be removed from the borehole upon completion of grouting.
4. Grout should be pumped through the tremie pipe until the density of the grout flowing from the borehole at the ground surface equals the density of the grout being pumped in.
5. Each VCL borehole should be grouted upon completion. The contractor should monitor each borehole for settling for a period of not less than 12 hours. Additional grout should be added and the monitoring period shall be extended until the settling of grout stops.
6. A VCL borehole drilled using horizontal directional drilling techniques should be grouted by pumping grout as the tremie pipe is retracted through the borehole
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