Täytyikin hiukan tutkia tuota maaheijastumaa/albedoa.
Näyttäisi että lumesta heijastuma voi olla jopa 80%. (Pv-solin manuaali). Tämä taitaakin selittää miksi joidenkin pellonlaidassa töröttävät panelit tuottavat niin hyvin tähän aikaan vuodesta.
Ilmeisesti sama asia heijastaa valoa myös taivaalla saaden sen näyttämään kirkkaammalta. Ja pienessä kulmassa heijastuma on suurempi.
4.5: Albedo
Most solar cells receive radiation not only directly from the sun disc (direct radiation), but also from a large portion of the sky (diffuse radiation). Hence, a solar spectrum needs to include the radiation coming from the sky to be relevant to PV.
This schematic suggests that
the reflection of sunlight at the ground influences the appearance of the sky. For example, if the ground is covered by snow, sunlight is strongly reflected back to the sky, where it gets scattered again in all directions – so, to an observer on the ground, the blue sky appears approximately double as bright as without snow. This effect is called
backscattering.
The amount of backscattering depends on the broadband average of the reflectance on the ground, called
albedo. The figure on the left shows typical values [12].
The albedo is usually measured from perpendicular above the ground as the ratio of reflected (upwelling) irradiance to incident (downwelling) irradiance. It is generally accepted only for horizontal surfaces.
Note in the figure on the left that many types of vegetation have an albedo near 20%. Therefore, this is an often used approximative value [13]. The reflection is often very diffuse, so the variation over a large part of the day is rather small [14], as is shown in the figure on the left. In contrast, the albedo over a water surface depends on the angle of the sun over the horizon [15][16][17].
Maan heijastumana lienee kyse tästä
No samaan ne bi-facial paneelikin perustuvat - heijastumaan panelin takaa.